As Bashar al-Assad’s regime falls, the new coalition in Syria faces the challenge of unifying a deeply fragmented society comprised of various ethnic and religious communities. Laura Ruiz de Elvira, a research specialist on Syria, discusses the complex demographics, past community relations with the Assad regime, and the uncertain future under the newly established leadership of Hayat Tahrir al-Sham (HTS). The need for inclusivity and the role of the Syrian diaspora in rebuilding the nation are also explored.