The Northern Territory in Australia has reignited a heated debate by lowering the age of criminal responsibility from 12 to 10 years, a decision that contradicts UN recommendations. This change is poised to increase the incarceration of Indigenous youth, who disproportionately represent those locked up in the region. While supporters argue that tougher laws are necessary for public safety, critics, including Indigenous leaders and youth advocates, contend that rehabilitation and community support are crucial for preventing a cycle of crime. The government’s policies have faced significant protests, reflecting deep societal divisions over juvenile justice in Australia.