Aliko Dangote’s $20 billion oil refinery in Nigeria is set to reshape the country’s fuel market, but challenges remain. While the refinery aims to improve efficiency and transparency in a historically corrupt sector, many Nigerians worry about sustained high petrol prices and fuel shortages. The Nigerian National Petroleum Company (NNPC), with a stake in the refinery, has been criticized for years of alleged mismanagement. As Dangote confronts entrenched interests, the outcome may redefine Nigeria’s energy landscape amidst ongoing economic struggles.