A Dutch appeals court has overturned a previous ruling requiring Shell to reduce its carbon emissions by 45% by 2030. Although the court acknowledged Shell’s responsibility for greenhouse gases, it emphasized that generalized reduction targets may not effectively combat climate change. Shell’s CEO welcomed the decision, highlighting its alignment with global energy transition goals. The ruling comes shortly before the COP29 climate summit in Baku, where fossil fuel transitions will be a key discussion point. Friends of the Earth Netherlands, which initiated the case, expressed disappointment but vowed to continue challenging major polluters.