The Dutch Parliament will not compel the cabinet to intervene against municipalities implementing zero-emission zones, as concluded in a recent debate. With fourteen municipalities, including the largest cities, set to enforce these zones starting January 1, concerns were raised regarding the impact on local businesses. The Secretary of State, Jansen, emphasized municipalities’ autonomy in this decision and agreed to a grace period for penalty enforcement. The PVV party strongly criticized the plan, warning it could jeopardize over 100,000 businesses, while debates over mitigation measures continue.