The European Commission regards the declining status of Bashar al-Assad’s regime as a ‘historic moment’ for the Syrian people, who have endured immense suffering. The Commission emphasizes the need for dialogue and the protection of civilians while urging respect for international law. Current conditions are deemed unsuitable for the safe return of Syrian refugees, as uncertainties regarding security and stability persist. The EU’s response will adapt based on on-ground developments and discussions among member states regarding reconstruction and humanitarian initiatives.