The overthrow of Bashar al-Assad in Syria has reshaped the political landscape, with significant actors like Turkey, Russia, the United States, and Iran playing pivotal roles in the decades-long conflict. Following a brutal civil war, Turkey has supported rebel forces while ensuring Kurdish groups are contained. Russia, an ally of Assad, had previously provided military support but is now preoccupied with the Ukraine conflict. Meanwhile, the U.S. has focused on combating the Islamic State, recently conducting air strikes to prevent the group from exploiting the chaos. Iran’s extensive backing of Assad further complicates the situation, while Israel remains vigilant.