Israeli historian Adam Raz has charged Prime Minister Benjamin Netanjahu with shared responsibility for the Hamas attacks on October 7, 2023. An unofficial committee of massacre survivors criticized the government and security apparatus for failing to protect citizens. Raz argues that Netanjahu’s financial support to Hamas through Qatar, intended to foster calm, backfired. He draws parallels between Netanjahu and the late Hamas leader Yahya Sinwar, claiming both opposed the two-state solution, opting instead for conflict, exacerbating the situation.

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