UNRWA, the UN agency for Palestinian refugees, is under fire from the Israeli government for alleged ties to Hamas and the involvement of its staff in recent terrorist activities. An investigation prompted the dismissal of nine employees linked to the October 7 attacks. A separate inquiry led by former French Foreign Minister Catherine Colonna highlighted the need for UNRWA to maintain its neutrality, and the Dutch government has called for the adoption of her recommendations. The EU emphasizes the necessity of UNRWA’s work until alternative organizations can take a significant role in Gaza.